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Summary. A landlocked country is one that does not have any coastline or direct access to an ocean. This geographical trait often brings political and economic challenges, such as limited access to vital maritime resources like fishing, oil and gas. It also restricts opportunities for international trade, which are essential for growth and development. However, being landlocked can also provide some benefits. It can act as a natural barrier against cheap imports, helping to strengthen local industries and food systems. The impact of being landlocked varies depending on a country's level of development, available trade routes, language, ease of business and other factors. While some European landlocked nations are wealthy, many in Africa, Asia and South America remain developing. There are currently 44 landlocked countries worldwide, and this write-up highlights some of the largest by land area.
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